-t

Nominalizer. In subject complements: k̓ʷáy áwa wɨ́npt tiičám ‘that is their buying of the land’; k̓ʷáy áwača paamíin pamáwšuwat ‘that was their getting themselves ready’; iwačá áwtni miyánašmaaman čáw nákwinat ‘it was not sacred to take the children’; at̓úk iwá sápsik̓ʷat paamanáy sɨ́nwit naamí ‘it is difficult to teach them our language’; ana míš mayní naknúwit iwačá k̓úsimaaman ‘however it was to take care of the horses’; ača kú iwačá wíyat náktux̣t čaaní ‘because it was far to take them back here’. In object complements: nayáyasayintaš pasápsik̓ʷana wášat ‘my two older brothers taught us to ride’; patmíyuna wanapáyn anít ‘they decided to make it along the river’; átq̓ix̣šaaš pyax̣ína tkʷátat ‘I want him to eat bitterroot’; iwapáataša pšɨ́tpa naknúwit k̓úsina ‘he is helping his father take care of the horse’; čáw čáw čáw iwá kʷná wiyák̓ɨnkt paanáy wínat ‘no, no, it is not there to block him going’; pamáwšuwaša wɨštáymat naamína pátna ‘they are getting themselves ready to meet our older sister’; ana kú pamáwšuwanx̣ana támayčt k̓ʷɨ́nčna ‘when they would get themselves ready to barbecue the pine lichen’; ačašta kú pɨ́nɨm ƛ̓áax̣ʷ išúkʷayišamš pináwšuwat ‘because he knows all the getting of myself ready’. With case marking: k̓ʷáyš kʷɨ́ł áykɨnx̣ana inmímaaman nč̓ínč̓imaaman sɨ́nwityaw ‘that much I used to hear my elders speak’; kúuštašta kú máysx pamáwšuwata wínatyaw ‘thusly in the morning then we’ll get ourselves ready to go’; čáwna mún payíkɨnx̣a tanánki sɨ́nwityaw ‘they never hear us speaking in Indian’; ku kúuk pamáwšuwanx̣a wánptyaw ‘and then they get themselves ready to sing’; ana pmáy pamáwšuwaša x̣nítatyaw ‘they who are getting themselves ready to go root digging’; paˀawítša ílax̣yawitay ‘they are slicing [it] in preparation for drying’. In compounds: itkʷátatˀuyiya ‘he began to eat’; itkʷátatnaq̓iya ‘he finished eating’. Before derivational suffixes: čáw máan wínataš ‘nowhere to go’; ayčtpamá ‘sitting place, seat’; šapaluluukt̓áwas ‘sandpaper’. With lexicalizations: láwaalaytt ‘smoke’; łq̓íwit ‘to play, game’; nákwinat ‘taking, to take’; sápsik̓ʷat ‘to teach, teaching’; tkʷátat ‘eating, food’; úyit ‘beginning, first’; wɨšpɨ́tn ‘sit up from lying down’; wánpt ‘to sing the medicine song, medicine singing’; wáwtukt ‘camping overnight, night’. [NP /-t/.]