Part of Speech: noun

Length. (Jacobs 1931:223).

Maternal uncle; man’s sister’s child. káka ‘uncle!’; nakákas ‘my uncle’; ɨkák ‘your uncle’; pítx̣ ‘(his/her) uncle’; kákaama ‘uncles’; áykɨnx̣anaaš naamína nč̓ína nakákasan ‘I used to hear our elder uncle’. See pítx̣. [NP /t´q/.]

Man’s younger brother. Form found only in ínkaks ‘my younger brother’. See ɨsx̣ɨ́p. [NP /ˀnm̓´sqap/.]

Definition:

Bird, animal.

The prototype animal is a bird, typically a magpie (áč̓ay).

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Examples:

1. tál iwá kskɨ́s kákya ‘black bug is a small insect’;
2. áswan iwačá kákya ‘the bird was a boy’;
3. paˀínɨmša kákyama ‘the birds are singing’;
4. ƛ̓áax̣ʷna kákya pašúkayiša waníčt ‘all the animals know our names (especially the meadowlark [x̣ʷɨ́łx̣ʷł])’;
5. kuna paˀáwx̣ta kákya ana kú pawiyánawita ánč̓ax̣i ‘and the birds will miss us when they come back again’;
6. ƛ̓áax̣ʷ ana tún pawá kákyama ‘all whatever are the animals’;
7. tunx̣túnx̣ kákyama ‘different animals’;
8. kákyama pawá ƛ̓áax̣ʷ – wawúkya x̣átx̣at spílya ‘they’re all animals – elk, duck, coyote…’;
9. sapx̣ʷninłá kákyama ‘crawling animals’ (saysáy ‘worms’, pyúš ‘snakes’, ámuš ‘snails’);
10. waynałá kákyama ‘flying creatures’ (x̣ʷaamá ‘eagle’, č̓átaqš ‘bat’, atníwa ‘bee’);
11. ánakʷi kákya ‘the thrown back creatures (from the Legend Time)’;
12. tawyanaktpamá kákyama ‘farm animals’;
13. tkʷátat kakyamaamíyay tkʷátataš ‘food for the animals to eat’;
14. kakyamaamí winanuut̓áwas ‘bird bath’;
15. támšɨlpi kákya ‘ladybug’.

Yellow water-lily, Indian pond lily, spatterdock, wokas, Nuphar polysepala. [NP /sáslaqs/ ~ /saslaqs/, also means ‘moose’.]

Lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta. Also pronounced qalámqalam. Also called tap̓áštap̓aš, tap̓ašwáakuł. [NW x̣anɨmx̣ánɨm; Y k̓aláam; NP /ql´mqlm/.]

Weaving end, top of the basket, loops. c̓apx̣mí kalúlak̓it ‘cedar basket loops’. See čanúnaq̓it. [Y kalúwaas; NP /kan̓winaq̓it/.]

Sockeye or blueback salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka. Also pronounced kálxʷ. kaluxmí áčaš ‘evening primrose, Oenothera pallida‘. níix̣ iwá táani kálux ‘sockeye is good to can’. [NP q̓óyx̣c /q̓ʷ´yx̣c/.]

Jack blueback salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka. paˀínaat̓ix̣a kaluxkáluxna ‘they barbecue the jacks’.

Maternal grandmother; woman’s daughter’s child. káła ‘grandmother! grandchild!’; nakáłas ‘my grandmother’; ínkała ‘my grandchild’; ɨkáł ‘your grandmother’; ímkała ‘your grandchild’; káła ‘(his/her) grandmother; her daughter’s child’; nakáłasaanš ániya ‘I gave it to my grandmother’; nakáłasanɨmš iníya ‘my grandmother gave it to me’; káł iwinána ‘your grandmother went’; iq̓ínušanaaš kałáp ‘your grandmother saw me’; inmíyawx̣inam išapáwinama kałáp ‘your grandmother sent you to me’; áq̓inušanaaš kałáp ‘I saw your grandmother’; ku aw kú ápinawšuwana káła ‘and then his grandmother got herself ready’; áykɨnx̣anaaš inmína káłaan ‘I used to hear my grandmother’; k̓ʷáynaš kúuš itɨmnanáx̣nawax̣ana inmínɨm káłanɨm ‘my grandmother used to tell me stories like that’; ku ɨ́nna káłapa ‘and he said to his grandmother’; ku aw kú patáwyašana káłayin ‘and then he was living with his grandmother’; inmí kałanmí áwača mɨ́taw ƛ̓áksma ‘my grandmother had three sisters’; ínkałayin páq̓inuna ‘my grandchild saw him’; ínkałanɨmš iq̓inwatána ‘my grandchild went to see me’; ímkałanɨmš iq̓ínušana ‘your daughter’s child saw me’; ímkałaan ánik ‘give it to your daughter’s child!’; imkałanmí áwa ‘it’s your daughter’s child’s’. [NP /qása/.]

Versative case. Toward. ku pášapawinana Imatalamłáaman Háwtmikan ‘and he sent the Umatillas toward McKay Creek’; ana k̓ʷapɨ́n iwá čáan Athenakan tiičám ‘the aforementioned which is land toward Athena’; pawínana inmíkan ‘they went toward my place’; pawšánax̣ana kʷáan táp̓aškan ‘they used to move toward those mountains’; k̓ʷáy áw čaaní iwámš naamíkan ‘that one is coming toward us’; napiinamíkan iwáynana ‘he flew toward us two’; áx̣mikan ‘toward inland’; nɨwítkan ku wáqacalkan ‘toward the right and toward the left’. [NP /-kek/.]

Digging stick. paˀaníx̣ana c̓unipsmí kápɨn ‘they used to make their digging sticks of oak’; wínataatas pstxłanmíyaw kutaš aníyayita kápɨn ‘we’ll go to the blacksmith and he’ll make our diggers’; ana kú ix̣nɨ́mˀuyix̣a pt̓ínic ku kúuk iwapáwx̣inx̣a pɨnmíin kápɨn ku wápas ku x̣nít ku ana tún itáatpasišana ku ƛ̓áax̣ʷ iwapáwx̣inx̣a ‘when the girl first digs then she gives away her digging stick and bag and roots and whatever she was wearing and all she gives away’; ku ana šína paníša ku kʷiiní pánita paanáy čɨ́mti kápin ‘and to whomever they are giving it then that one will give her a new digging stick’. [NP /tuk̓es/ ‘digging stick, cane’.]

Oak tree, Quercus garryana. Also c̓uníps.

Coat. [Y kapúu; NP /kapóo/; from Spanish (Aoki 1994:193); from French capot ‘hood’ (Beavert and Hargus 2009:63).]

Gasoline. iyaxáylakša káslin wayx̣tiłápa ‘he is putting gas in the car’; kaslinmí tkʷsáy ‘gas can’; kaslinpamá yax̣alaylaktpamá ‘gas station’. [NP /yeqikécet/.]

Boys. kátkaatin ‘two boys’. For singular see áswan. [N amíisma; NP /hahácwal/.]

Salt. Also súul. [NE katwat̓úus; Y kátwat; NP /kétwen̓es/.]

Origin:

ká- + ƛ̓iyáwi + -t̓áwas

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Definition:

Poison.

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Examples:

1. kaƛ̓iyawit̓áwas iwá alapíšaš ‘death camas is poison’.

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See more:

[NP /cepéketn̓keˀs/.]

Evergreen needles. ákaax̣ačanwiša kmilanmí kašúpšup ‘the tamarack’s needles are falling down’. [NP /cckkc´ckk/ ‘fir needle’ (Aoki 1994:3, 21); cf. /húpn/ ‘fall’ (of evergreen needles).]

Heppener, Oregon.