Part of Speech: verb

Imperative. yáx̣ʷak ‘wait!’; tútik ‘stand up!’; kʷáan kúk ‘go away!’; áq̓inunk ‘look at it!’; ánik ‘give it to him!’; apáp áwɨnpayik ‘shake hands!’; čáw tíyak ‘don’t laugh!’. With adjunct -n after an obstruent (-nk): tímaš wɨ́npɨnk ‘pick up your papers!’; áyčɨnk ‘sit down!’; páykɨnk ‘hear me!’. Deletes after cislocative -m: wínam ‘come!’; ášɨm ‘come in!’; átɨm ‘come out!’; wɨ́npatam čí útpas ‘come get this blanket!’. Pluralized by -t, e.g. wínamtk ‘you all come!’. [NP /-k/ (after consonants), /-y/ (after vowels).]

Augment that occurs with various adverbial prefixes. A stem final n is never present before -k, and -k never occurs after p. čák̓uk ‘bundle’; čáwaanknik ‘put around’; ík̓uk ‘pile’; ínaamk ‘erase’; mɨškʷyámk ‘believe’; náyk̓uk ‘gather’; nákpayšk ‘appear with, bring back a name’; sápk̓uk ‘gather up’; suyátk ‘skewer fish or meat’; tamáquk ‘weigh down, hinder’; wáp̓ik ‘wash clothes’; wáasklik ‘go around’; wášiwatk ‘disagree, quarrel’; wátyasklik ‘dance around’; wiyánknik ‘go around’; wiyák̓uk ‘gather together’. A root final velar or uvular obstruent absorbs -k, and a root final labiovelar/ labiouvular is delabialized by -k: ílac̓ɨx ‘fry’; pátk̓ʷk ‘straighten’; šáx̣ƛ̓k ‘cut’; wáwp̓k ‘hatch’. Adjectives verbalized by -k with adverbial prefix: čák̓aywak ‘shorten’; čák̓ilak ‘bend’; čák̓ptk ‘ball up’; čáquuk ‘hold back, halt’; čáq̓ttk ‘make hard, harden’; íc̓ik ‘sweeten’; ímałak ‘clean up’; náknɨč̓ik ‘enlarge’; pác̓aak ‘add on’; twáluc̓ak ‘mark red’; wác̓aak ‘close, lock’; wáquuk ‘stake down’. In the following -k is clearly a transitivizer: pátuk ‘place, set’ (individuative object); ptúk ‘place, set dishes’ (distributive object). For intransitive equivalents see pátun ‘be situated’ (individuative inanimate subject); ptún ‘be situated’ (distributive inanimate subject). The palatalized variant -č, which see, occurs only in CR. [NP /-k/.]

Definition:

Away from the speaker or the speaker side. Also has the meaning of disappearing, going away, or an action suddenly occurs away from the speaker. Implies ‘further on’ from some point already away from the speaker.

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Function:

Translocative directional. Attack to the verbs.

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Examples:

1. iwínakika ‘he went on’;
2. ku kúuk sɨ́nwit iwáanačičɨnkika naamíyaw níityaw ‘and then he sent word on to our house’;
3. kʷɨ́łnaš k̓ʷáy ínč̓a tɨmnanáx̣ɨnkikš ‘that much further also I have told the story’;
4. ku aw kú iwaanáytɨnkika saysáy ‘and then the worm went on out’;
5. Reduces to -yk after the aspects.
   1. áwš wayčát̓ašaykš ‘now I am wanting to cross on over’;
   2. ku iwáanaytɨnx̣ayka ‘and he would go on out’.

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See more:

-yk (after the aspects).

[NE -čič; NP /-kik/.]

Probable root in lák̓uušk ‘smoke’; tamák̓usk ‘cover over’. Cf. also k̓ʷɨ́š ‘muddy, soft’. [Cf. NP /k̓úxsn/ ‘be a mound, pile of dirt, etc.’.]

Into. sapáƛupwaalata ‘fish with a fixed net at a fish jumping place’; sapáwaalata ‘rope fish at a waterfall’; tamáwaalata ‘throw basketball through hoop, play basketball’; tamawaalatat̓áwas ‘hoop’; sulátas ‘leggings’. [NP /-lete/.]