Part of Speech: transitive verb

Spit, expectorate. ákaƛ̓ink ‘spit it up!’; ikáƛ̓iin tilíwal ‘he has spit up blood’; ku tíit iqákaƛ̓ina ‘and suddenly he spit out his musk sac’; kaƛ̓ináša ‘spit on’; kaƛ̓ináwa ‘spit at’. [NP /tulkeˀéyk/ ‘spit far’; /tuléht/ ‘spit out’.]

Spit on. ikaƛ̓inášaša tiičámna ‘he is spitting on the ground’. [NP /tulc̓e/.]

Spit at. ikaƛ̓ináwaša paanáy ‘he is spitting at him’.

Kill with food, poison. pinákaƛ̓iyawiya ‘he killed himself with eating’; kaƛ̓iyawit̓áwas ‘poison’. [NP /cepéketn̓k/; cf. NE káƛ̓iyawi ‘kill by biting’; NP /kétn̓k/ ‘eat as others starve’.]

Eat up, devour. ikáƛ̓x̣ʷa tkʷátat ‘he devoured his food’; ákaƛ̓x̣ʷɨnk ‘finish it!’; ku ƛ̓áax̣ʷ ikáƛ̓x̣ʷšana c̓íc̓k kʷná c̓áac̓aa ‘and it ate up all the grass close by’. [NE kálaˀamk; NP /kál̓amk/; cf. CR kálaamk ‘be hungry for fruit’.]

Definition:

To pick up with the mouth.

---

Examples:

ikáwaaluukat̓aša ‘he’s trying to pick it up with his mouth’.

Eat on past (such as a cow eating past another or a dog running on eating the others’ food). ikáwaanwiša ‘he is eating past someone’.

Arrive in time to eat. ikáwiyanawiya ‘he arrived in time to eat’; pakáwyanawiya c̓áa tkʷátatay ‘they arrived just in time to eat’; káwiyanawiyawa ‘arrive at in time to eat’.

Open the mouth. See qčákn.

Taste. Shortened from káˀilawi. pakíilawiša ‘they are tasting’; sɨ́kni iwá čáw wíyat kúušx̣i kíilawitpa ana kúuš sawítk ‘yellow bell is almost the same in taste as the Indian carrot’. [NP /kíinewi/.]

Hurry, be in a hurry, rush. kuš áw kkáassa túx̣t inmíyaw tamaníčtyaw ‘and now I am in a hurry to return to my garden’; ášapakkaasnayišaaš íšt ‘he is having his son hurry up’. [NP /qʷyíyimn/.]

Hump the back (as in sexual intercourse). A vulgar term. wákmuyk ‘buck (of a horse)’. [NP /km̓úyn/; /q̓m̓úyn/ ‘copulate’.]

Definition:

Do.

---

Examples:

1. ikú ‘he has done it’;
2. pásc̓at áawat ikú ‘the fog has disappeared’;
3. tk̓ʷíikʷ ikúša ‘he is doing it right’;
4. kʷná pakúx̣ana ánč̓a núsux̣na ku k̓súyasna inmíma tanánma ‘there again my people used to catch salmon and eels’;
5. k̓úpnaš kʷíya apáp ‘I broke my arm (or hand)’;
6. ayáyatnam kú ‘you’ve done beautifully, congradulations’;
7. húynaš ikʷíya ‘he couldn’t do it’;
8. kúušx̣i pakúx̣a ‘they do it the same way’;
9. kúuš pakúx̣ana míimi ‘thusly they used to do long ago’;
10. kúušpam kúta miyánašma ‘you children should do thusly’;
11. čáwnam mún kúuš kúx̣ana ‘you never used to do like that’;
12. čáwpam čná tún wíkuta ‘you won’t do anything here’;
13. cnísaan ákʷiyayik ‘do something for your sister!’;
14. páyu ikʷíyayiya (paanáy) apáp ‘he hurt his (the other person’s) hand’;
15. čáw pináwikʷayik núšnu ‘don’t pick your nose!’;
16. yáyš ikú ‘he has done wrong’;
17. páyu ikʷíya (pinmíin) apáp ‘he hurt his (own) hand’;

---

See more:

čáku ‘pull’;

čápku ‘open a bundle, undo a braid’;

pákuk ‘copulate’.

[NP /ku/.]

Work. ikútkutna ‘he worked’; ku čná ikútkutšana ‘and he was working here’; máal kʷná ikútkutta ‘how long will he be working there?’; ku míimi iwačá nč̓í twáti kunam kʷɨ́nɨm ikútkuttax̣na ‘and long ago there was the big Indian doctor and that one could work on you’; ikútkutnayišana pšɨ́tpa ‘he was working for his father’; pakútkutnayitanam ‘they will work yours’; kútkuttx̣awn ‘work through’. [NP /cepel´xnik/, /cepelén/ (in habitual aspect); S kútkutn is probably a nominalization and reduplication of kú ‘do’ reverbalized with -n.]

Work with. Often reduces to kútkutwana. pakútkutwanašaaš ‘they are working with me’.

Work through. ku iwáta kʷná twáti kunam ikútkuttx̣awta ‘and there will be a doctor there and he will work it through you’.

Finish doing. [NP /kotnaq̓i/.]

Cook. ikúukiša nɨkʷɨ́tna ‘she is cooking the meat’; Wayámpa pakúukix̣a núsuxna páłpaski ‘at Celilo they cook their salmon on roasting sticks’. [English cook verbalized with -i.]

Throw away; shave. ik̓áatna ‘he threw it away’; míimina ák̓aatna ‘we already threw it out’; ák̓aatɨnk mɨlámlaan patúna ‘throw out the garbage!’; ik̓áatša mɨlána patúna ‘he’s throwing the garbage away’; pinák̓aatna ‘he shaved himself’; ik̓áatnaaš ‘he shaved me’; paták̓aatna ‘they shaved him’; ášapak̓aatnayišanam ‘I’m having him throw yours away’; čák̓aatk ‘rake’; pák̓aatk ‘shovel’; twák̓aatk ‘rake up, shovel, sweep’; wiyák̓aatn ‘throw away, rid of sickness’; wák̓aatk ‘sweep’.

Carry a baby or child on the back. ik̓álakša miyánaš ‘she is carrying her child on her back’; ák̓alakɨnk ‘pack the baby on your back!’; k̓álaki ‘tied, packed on the back’; k̓álakt ‘packing a baby on the back’. See also šáp.