-na

Function:

Accusative case.

Examples:

  1. áwnaaš kʷaaná tílaakina ‘I told that woman’;
  2. saxixaxinmína tmaanítna patáwanicɨnx̣a plɨ́splɨs ‘they call the fruit of the snowberry plɨ́splɨs‘;
  3. kunam áwtta ƛ̓áax̣ʷna túna ‘and you will taboo everything’.
  4. With accusative concord grammatical accessibility to possessive modifier is denied:
    1. áykɨnx̣anaaš naamína nč̓ína nakákasaan ‘I used to hear our elder maternal uncle’;
    2. áq̓inunx̣anaaš inmína nč̓ína ‘I used to see my elder’;
    3. átwanataaš naamína pátna ‘I will follow our older sister’;
    4. kúušnaš áwɨnx̣ana inmína miyánašna Thomasna ‘thusly I used to tell my child Thomas’;
    5. čáw iwá łq̓íwit anam kú áwštaymata naamína čɨ́mtina tkʷátatna ‘it’s not a game when you meet our new food’.
  5. In complements:
    1. átq̓ix̣šaaš pyax̣ína tkʷátat ‘I want to eat bitterroot’;
    2. čáw mún iqíčkša kuušnanáy tamánwitkina walptáyktna ‘he never cares for the Indian way of singing’;
    3. ana kúuš míimi panaknúwišana wánptna ‘in the way that they were taking care of the singing long ago’;
    4. ku iwá náx̣š naknuwiłá pčɨ́šna ‘and there is one keeper of the door’.
  6. Has the form -an. after a:
    1. áykɨnx̣anaaš inmína káłaan ‘I used to hear my grandmother’;
    2. inákpaaša luc̓áan k̓pɨ́tna ‘she is separating out the red beads’.
  7. Klickitat has -Vn everywhere after V:
    1. kunam kʷnák áptyamta yɨ́x̣aan ‘and there you will spear the beaver’ (Jacobs 1929:200:14–15);
    2. ku áwiƛ̓iyawiya k̓ʷaalíin ‘and he killed the dangerous thing’ (Jacobs 1929:207:1);
    3. kuunáknataš ápuunx̣a pt̓ɨ́x̣anuun ‘we echo that mountain’ (Jacobs 1937:15.3.2, pg. 27).

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[NW -nan; NP /-ne(n)/.]