Part of Speech: adverb

Rolling. áwqaninn ‘roll about’.

Rolling. áwqalalayti ‘roll, roll along’; áwqalaličalwi ‘roll down’. [NE áwx̣ala-; NP /húx̣elen/ ‘roll’.]

Worthless, futile, in vain, for nothing, useless, merely. áwtik̓a iwá ‘it is good for nothing’; čáw áwtik̓a ana kúuš qqaanáywiša ‘we don’t work for nothing’; patx̣táymanaaš áwtik̓a ‘they gave it to me free, they traded me the no good one’; čáwnam mún áwtik̓a iq̓ínutax̣na kutyanam aw kú iƛ̓iyáwitax̣na Wax̣púšpalnɨm ‘never for nothing would the Paiute see you but what he would kill you’; áwtik̓aš patx̣táymana ‘they traded me for the no good one’.

Standing. Distributive. áwx̣anax̣ʷaami ‘rise up and leave’; áwx̣anayč ‘stand, stand up (plural subject)’; áwx̣aninn ‘stand around (plural subject)’; áwx̣atun ‘stand around (plural)’; awx̣ap̓náy ‘heel’. [NP /húx̣en/ ‘stand’ (plural); perhaps related to wɨx̣á ‘foot’.]

Still, yet, later. áx̣ʷaynaš wá kanútk ‘mine is still unfinished’; kuš kʷaaná ánaknuwiša áx̣ʷay ‘and I am still taking care of that’; áx̣ʷaymaš q̓ínuta ‘I will see you later’; áx̣ʷaymaš ánč̓ax̣i q̓ínuta ‘I will see you again later’; áx̣ʷaynam anáwiša ‘you’re still hungry’; áx̣ʷayš mún áp̓ɨx̣ta ‘I’ll remember it sometime’; áx̣ʷay itáwyaša pčapmípa ‘he’s still staying at his mother’s’; áx̣ʷay ilatíša x̣áwš ‘the cous is still blooming’; ana kú ipápatk̓ʷalst̓ɨx̣ɨnx̣a k̓ʷáalkpa ku wínšin pánix̣a nápt wáptas ku áx̣ʷay pawɨ́npta sapxʷɨ́lkas ‘when they marry at the long house the man gives her two feathers and later they’ll get their rings’; áx̣ʷay kúuš ‘and so forth, etc.’. [NE also áx̣ʷi; NW íx̣ʷi; NP /qóˀc/.]

Directional. Found in čáy ‘in this direction, this way’; kʷáy ‘in that direction, that way’.

Dragging. cásulaytk̓iya ‘drag ashore’; cásunayti ‘drag along’; cásuwaanaynač ‘drag inside’; cásuwaanayt ‘drag out’; casunínn ‘drag around’; cásuničapa ‘drag into brush’. See also tamánta-. [NP /nkt-/.]

Walking. Plural subject. cáwt̓alaylak ‘walk inside’; cáwt̓alayt ‘walk out’; cáwt̓alayti ‘walk along’; cáwt̓aliln ‘walk about’. [Cf. causative sáp-; perhaps also NP /wt̓én/ ‘be gathered, be in groups’.]

Fitting, just right, perfect. Occasionally pronounced c̓aˀá. áw inkníša c̓áa wiyátk̓ʷktyaw ‘it is getting close to noon’; c̓áanaš wá wɨłq̓ám ‘my shoes fit’; c̓aˀá ikú čí wɨsak̓páwas ‘this bolt has fit perfectly’. [N c̓aˀá; NP /c̓aˀá/.]

Anyway, in spite of, nevertheless. áwɨnx̣anaaš čáwnam wínata ku c̓awín iwínana ‘I kept telling him, “don’t go!” and he want anyway’. [NP /c̓awín/.]

Sideways. c̓wíkan itútiša ‘he is standing sideways’. [NP /ˀqt´qpk/.]

With legs spread out. incacáan ‘mine with legs spread out’. Also ččáat.

Unchewed, without chewing. nɨ́mɨntyaš núq̓ʷkɨn ana kúuš núq̓ʷkɨn núsux ana kúus čak̓ʷɨlkáł ‘I have swallowed it as if I have swallowed the salmon without chewing’.

Weaving. See čanú-.

Versative case. Palatalized variant of -kan. ámčan ‘toward outside’; ánačan ‘toward the back’; mítičan ‘downward’; wát̓uyčan ‘toward the front’; x̣ʷáamičan ‘upward’. [NP /-kek/.]

Weaving. čalútima ‘design a basket, make a pattern’; čanúnaq̓i ‘finish weaving’; čanúwi ‘weave’ (Umatilla uses wáp̓a for ‘weave’). Also kalú- (Jacobs 1931:202, 203, 211). [Cf. NP /ken̓wi/ ‘weave’.]

Definition:

No, not, don’t.

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Function:

Negation. Usually used at the beginning of the sentence.

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Examples:

1. čáw šín ‘nobody’;
2. čáw tún ‘nothing’;
3. čáw tún waníči ‘not worth anything’;
4. čáw mɨná ‘nowhere’;
5. čáw máan wínataš ‘nowhere to go’;
6. čáw míš ‘no way’;
7. čáw mún ‘never’;
8. čáw wíyat ‘almost’;
9. čáwk̓a ‘no more, no longer’;
10. čáwx̣i ‘not yet’.
11. čáw iwínana ‘he didn’t go’;
12. čáwnaš šúkʷaša ‘I don’t know’;
13. čáwnaš p̓ɨ́x̣ša ‘I don’t remember’;
14. čáw šína iq̓ínuna ‘he didn’t see anyone’;
15. čáwnaš áč̓ɨškawašana inmína aniłáan ‘I was not lying to my Creator’;
16. kutaš čáw ákʷyamna ‘and we did not believe her’;
17. ku iwačá náx̣š anwíčt čáw ‘and it was not one year’;
18. čáwk̓a mún iwá ƛ̓áax̣ʷ ‘all is no longer’;
19. čáw čáw iwačá tún łq̓íwit ‘no, it’s not any game’;
20. čáwnam mún áwɨnpta kunam átkʷatata ‘you should never take and eat it’;
21. čáwx̣i iwáta pínaptipa nɨknípa ku kúuk pawínata ‘it will not yet be four o’clock and then they will go’;
22. čáwpam čná x̣níta ‘you won’t dig here’;
23. ku čáw patkʷáynpɨnx̣ana ‘and they wouldn’t go hunting’;
24. áw iwá čáw čikúuk ‘now she is no more today [she died today]’;
25. ana pɨ́n čáw iwɨ́šayča ‘he who passed away’;
26. ana kú náma čáw wáta čná ‘when we will no longer be here’;
27. ana šín čáw iwɨ́šaycɨnx̣ana ‘whoever would pass away’;
28. ana kú čáw áwšayča pɨnmíin nč̓í ‘when his elder passed away’;
29. ku čáw pawɨ́šayčɨnx̣ana ‘and they would pass away’;

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See more:

[NP /wét̓u/; /míˀs/; /ˀisúˀ/; /cáˀya/ ‘not any’; /nécuˀ/ ‘not, never’; /wétmet/ ‘do not’; /wéc̓u/ ‘no longer’; /ˀisék/ ‘it is not that’.]

With legs apart, spread-eagle. [Cf. possibly NP /kkeˀt/ ‘blood’.]

Quiet, still, speechless, peace. ččúu iláˀaytša ‘he is sitting quietly’; ččúu wɨ́šayčɨnk ‘be quiet!’; ččúunam wá ‘you are quiet’; ččúu iwá tiičám ‘there is peace on earth’; čukíin ‘quietly, noiselessly’. [NP sáw /s´wn-t/ ‘silent, absent’; sisasáw̓ /s-s-s´wn-t-ˀ/ ‘out of sight’.]

Today. čikúuksim iwá ku čáwk̓a iwá watím ‘it is only today and yesterday is gone’; aš kú áq̓inuša miyánašmaaman čikúuk ‘when I see the children today’; kúuš iwačá míimi ku čikúuk čáw kúuš iwá ‘it was like that long ago and today it is not that way’; ku čikúuk panákwinax̣a miyánaš wánptyaw ‘and today [contrary to the past] they take their children to the medicine singing’. [NW íči íkuuk; NP /táqc/; čikúuk is from čí ‘this’ plus kúuk ‘then’.]