Function:

Emphatic. This historical prefix is built into the pronouns.

Examples:

1. Frozen in
   1. ín ‘I’;
   2. ím ‘you’;
   3. íčɨn ‘to this’;
   4. íkʷɨn ‘to that’;
   5. ímɨn ‘where to?’;
   6. ičiškíin ‘in this language’.
2. Largely productive in NW:
   1. čáwnaš átq̓ix̣ša ikuunák áyatnan ‘I do not want that exact woman’ (Jacobs 1929:224:8);
   2. cf. kuunák Spilyáy itk̓ína ‘Coyote watched that’ (Jacobs 1929:230:14).

See more:

[NP /ˀí-/ with 1st person, /ˀi-/ with 2nd and 3rd person and interrogative pronouns.]

Function:

Transitivizer (turns intransitive verbs into transitive verbs). ^{new info}

Examples:

1. Without -k:
   1. íkkmi / íkkɨmi ‘fill’;
   2. ílac̓muyn ‘warm up’;
   3. ílapaša ‘lay hands on for healing’;
   4. ílax̣yawi ‘dry’;
   5. ílax̣ʷayx̣ ‘heat’;
   6. ílwi ‘testify, confess’;
   7. ínaq̓i ‘finish’;
   8. ínaat̓i ‘cook’;
   9. ínawi ‘try, test’;
   10. íniix̣i ‘fix’;
   11. ípuxpuxi ‘spread around’;
   12. íqaax̣ta ‘pour into’;
   13. ísx̣ɨx̣n ‘infuriate, make angry’;
   14. ítux̣ ‘take back, return’;
   15. ítwa ‘mix’;
   16. ít̓x̣aša ‘smoke’;
   17. íƛ̓aapn ‘lost out on’;
   18. íƛ̓iyawi ‘kill’;
   19. íƛ̓ɨmux̣i ‘cover’;
   20. íyatna ‘kill’;
   21. íyaƛ̓pi ‘wet, moisten’;
   22. íyawa ‘drive away’.
2. With -k:
   1. íkiik ‘clean’;
   2. ímiik ‘tan’;
   3. ímuyk ‘wring out and stretch’;
   4. ítk̓ʷk / ítk̓ʷɨk ‘straighten’;
   5. íc̓ik ‘sweeten’;
   6. ík̓uk ‘pile’;
   7. ík̓ʷaank ‘spoil, give constant attention’;
   8. íluk ‘build a fire’;
   9. íłamayč ‘hide’;
   10. íłik ‘bother’;
   11. íšq̓uk ‘rub on grease, anoint’;
   12. íšwik ‘reciprocate on the Indian trade’;
   13. íqʷik ‘perfume’;
   14. ítyak̓uk ‘crowd’;
   15. íwayk ‘trap, catch’;
   16. íx̣alk̓uk ‘give a sudden scare’.

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[NP /hí-/.]