Definition:
You. Singular.
Function:
Attach to the beginning of a word. Commonly attach to the first word of the sentence.
Examples:
- Subject:
- anam kú átalax̣itkta miyánašmaaman ‘when you discipline the children’;
- q̓ʷłtɨ́pnam wáta ‘you should be strong’.
- Object:
- čáwnam mún payíkta ‘they will never hear you’;
- tkʷátatnam iníta ‘she will give you food’.
- Inverse:
- k̓ʷałánam páni ‘glad you have given it to me’ (equals ‘thank you!’);
- maykʷáaniknam pášapakʷyamta imíin tamánwit ’cause me to believe your law the more’;
- kunam pánimta imíin q̓ʷłtɨ́pwit čná tiičámpa ‘and you will give me your strength in this land’.
See more:
=pam ‘you, yours, your’ (plural);
ím ‘you’ (nominative singular);
imanáy ‘you’ (accusative singular)
For possessor see =maš. [NP /=m/.]
Pronoun chart
Definition:
We.
Examples:
- kuna wá náma tanánma ‘and we are Indians’;
- kʷnáataš kú ttáwax̣na ƛ̓áax̣ʷ náma ‘there then we all grew up’;
- ana kú náma čáw wáta čná ‘when we will not be here’;
- ana k̓ʷapɨ́n čáw náma šúkʷaša čikúuk ‘that which we don’t know today’;
- kunata kúušx̣i námac̓a kʷná sápsik̓ʷata naamí miyánašma čná ‘and indeed just like there we will teach our children here’;
See more:
Sometimes pronounced nɨ́ma.
lamaksá ‘we alone’;
námač̓a ‘we also’;
lamaksásɨmk̓a ‘we alone only next’;
namanák ‘both of us’;
námasɨm ‘we only’;
námax̣i ‘we similarly’;
námax̣uš ‘we first’.
=na ‘we, us, ours, our’ (inclusive)
=nataš ‘we, us, ours, our’ (exclusive)
Pronoun chart
[WS naamáy; NW namák; NP /núun/ < /newen/ < /nemen/ (exclusive); /kíye/ (inclusive).]
We both, both of us. namanákna wiyáanakʷa ‘we both left’.
Older sister. Bound in nanánas ‘my sister’. See pát. [Cf. NP /néneˀ/ ‘older sister!’.]
Take along, carry. máan panánaša ‘where are they taking it?’; nanánasnana ánanana ‘we took along my older sister’. [NP /ˀnéhnen/.]
Cedar, Thuja plicata. nankmí psá ‘cedar bark’; nankmí mɨc̓áymɨc̓ay ‘cedar roots’. See also c̓ápx̣. [NP talátat /tltt/.]
Be up against, lean against, abut. Bound root. panánp̓a ‘sit against’; sapálalp̓a ‘take photograph, paint picture’; tamáx̣anp̓a ‘lean against’; tútananp̓a ‘lay the head against’; tx̣nánp̓a ‘echo’; waanánp̓a ‘run against, bump against’; x̣ʷɨnánp̓a ‘crawl against, sleep with’. [NP /ˀletp̓e/ (Aoki 1994:1018); /-letp̓e/ (Aoki 1994:347).]
Both. Human. napák pawiyánawi ‘both have arrived’. See also nonhuman naptík. [NW nap(u)wák; NP /ˀúylepwe/; /ˀúylepme/.]
Twice. nápam patáˀɨnna kutya čáw pawiyánawiya ‘they told them twice and they still did’. [Y nápaam; NP /lepéhem/.]
Double. ku áwača k̓ʷáalk nápanat iwáywiš aníš wawukyanmí k̓štɨ́n ‘and they had a long double necklace, handicraft of elk tooth’.
Definition:
To speak up for, represent, take up for, protect.
Examples:
- túyaynam ánapayuša ‘why are you defending him?’;
- inápayuna miyánaš ‘he took up for his child’;
- čáwna inápayuna náaman ‘he didn’t take up for us’.
See more:
[NP /ˀlápayon/.]
We two. nápiintaš wiyánawi ‘we two have arrived’. See napiiní.
Us two. Accusative dual. napiinamanáytaš iq̓ínuna ‘he saw us two’; napiinamanáyč̓a ‘us two too’; lapiilamalaksá ‘us two alone’; napiinamanáysɨm ‘only us two’; napiinamanáyx̣i ‘us two similarly’; napiinamanáyx̣uš ‘us two first’. [WS napinamáy; NE nápiinaman; NW napiinininák.]
Ours, our. Genitive dual. čína wá napiinamí sɨ́nwit ‘this is our talk’; napiinamítaš wá ‘it belongs to us two’; napiinamik̓aláytaš wá ‘we have it for the two of us’; napiinamípa iwačá ‘he was among us’; napiinamíkni iwáynana ‘he flew away from us two’; napiinamíkan iwáynana ‘he flew toward us two’; napiinamíyaw iwáynana ‘he flew to us two’; napiinamíč̓a ‘ours too’; lapiilamiksá ‘ours alone’; napiinamísɨm ‘ours only’; napiinamíx̣i ‘ours similarly’; napiinamíx̣uš ‘ours first’. [NW napiinanmí.]
We two. Dual. Also nápiin. napiinítaš wínana ‘we two went’; napiiníč̓a ‘we two also’; lapiiliksá ‘we two only’; napiiníx̣uš ‘we two first’. [NW napiiník.]
Tuesday. [NE náptipa x̣áyx̣pa; NP /lep´ti-kaaˀawn/; Klamath lapn̓iiks (Barker 1963b:212).]
Two. nápt ku nápt iwá pínapt ‘two and two is four’; ku aw kú wínšin pánix̣ana tílaakina nápt wáptas ‘and then the man would give the woman two feathers’; náptipa iwaanáčiča ‘he came in second place’; wínax̣anaaš náptipa nɨknípa ‘I used to go at two o’clock’; náptipa iwá nɨknípa ‘it is two o’clock’; nápt álxayx ‘February’; nápt t̓ałáa pšwá ‘two flat rocks’; nápt wáwtukt ‘two nights’; náptiyaw ‘at two o’clock’; nápam ‘twice’; nápłk̓ʷi ‘Tuesday’; pínapt ‘four’; uynápt ‘seven’; nápłk̓ʷi ‘Tuesday’. [Y níipt; NP /lep´t/; Klamath laap (Barker 1963b:212).]
Both. Nonhuman. iƛ̓úna naptík łkmána ‘he guessed both bones (in the stick game)’; naptík pawačá áwtni mɨx̣ɨ́š ku luc̓á ‘yellow and red were both tabooed’; áƛ̓unaaš naptík ‘I guessed both of theirs’; ákʷštaynaaš naptík ‘I miss guessed both of theirs (in the stick game)’. [NW niiptík; NP /ˀúyleptik/.]
Second. náptiyaw iwaanáčičawana ‘he came in second (in dancing)’. [NP lepítipx /lep´tpk/.]
Two. With human classifier. kutaš čí čná áłq̓itɨmšana nápuwinaman ‘and we here were teasing the two people’. [NP /lepúˀ/.]
