339 terms start with “a”

alxayxpamá

Menstruation, menstrual period. alxayxpamá ititámat ‘calendar’. [NP /ˀémees/; /péhisemtuks/.]

alyáwa

Wager, bet, bet in stick-game. alyáwašamaš čí útpas ‘I am betting you this blanket’; alyáwašamaš páx̣at ‘I’m betting you five dollars’; alyáwašaaš útpas ‘I am putting the blanket out for bet’; áwalyawašaaš paanáy ‘I am betting him’; paˀalyáwašaaš ‘they are betting me’; pápaˀalyawaša ‘they are playing the stick-game’; palyáwat ‘stickgame’. See also palyáwa. [NE ílyuun; NP /lóx̣mi/; alyáwa is perhaps a diminutive of aní ‘make’ plus directive -awa.]

áł

Generous. ɨmɨnɨwáy iwá k̓ʷáy ku áł ‘that one is is kind and generous’; čáw áł ‘not generous’; ałwí ‘be generous’. [Y ƛ̓íiš; ƛ̓iˀíiš; NP /ˀiqn/.]

-áł

Definition:

Without doing something.

Function:

Privative. Deverbative. Directly attach to the dictionary form of a verb without taken out -n to form an adjective.

Examples:

  1. -áł after a consonant
    1. čak̓ʷlkáł ‘unchewed’;
    2. čuunáł ‘without drinking’;
    3. iix̣áł ‘unclean’;
    4. panaymunáł ‘cold, aloof’;
    5. payknáł ‘disobedient’;
    6. twanpáł ‘uncombed’;
  2. -yáł after i
    1. lak̓ɨmiyáł ‘everlasting’;
    2. sɨnwiyáł ‘without speaking’;
  3. -náł after a vowel
    1. tkʷatanáł ‘without eating, fasting’;
    2. wanáł ‘invisible’.
    3. ača čikúuk iwá at̓úk yáx̣t kútkut sapsik̓ʷanáł ‘because today it is hard to get work without an eductation’;
    4. šuwináł (shortened from šúwiya, could be a mispronunciation) ‘not learning from hard lessons’;

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[NP /-ey̓éy̓/.]

áłˀał

Fin, top fin, dorsal fin. [Y pɨ́c̓a ‘dorsal fin’.]

ałpípi

Douglas’ or Howell’s brodiaea. See anałpípi.

ałwí

Be generous. ałwíša wínš ‘the man is generous’; ałwiyáwa ‘dote on, favor’.

ałwiyáwa

Dote on, favor. paˀałwiyáwaša miyánaš ‘they are doting on their child’; ałwiyáwani miyánaš ‘a favored child’.

ám

Outside. Bound. ámčan ‘toward the outside’; ámčni ‘from or on the outside’. [NP /ˀémt-/.]

ám

Husband. ám ‘husband!’; ínmam ‘my husband’; ímam ‘your husband’; ám ‘(her) husband’; k̓ʷáy áwa ám ‘that is her husband’; tkʷátat iníya ámapa ‘she gave food to her husband’; ámin ‘with husband, married couple’; ámtayk ‘move in with in-laws’ (said of a woman); ámani ‘marry’ (of a woman). [NP /háma/ ‘man, husband’.]

-am

Times. lísxam ‘once’; nápam ‘twice’; mɨ́tam ‘three times’; pínapam ‘four times’; páx̣am ‘five times’; mɨ́laam ‘how many times?’. [NP /-hem/.]

-ám

Land feature formative in núwax̣am ‘burnt over ground’; šám ‘scree’; tamalám ‘rocky bar in river’; tiičám ‘land’; watám ‘lake’; Wayám ‘Celilo’; Wɨ́šx̣am ‘Wishram’. [Cf. NP /-em/ in /ˀmssem/ ‘rocky hillside’; /ˀuuyikem/ ‘shale rock’; /ˀwetem/ ‘lake’; /cam̓qʷam/ ‘point, corner, sharp angle’; /caayokam/ ‘pebbled beach’; /háwtikam/ ‘steep ground, cliff’; /héwtip̓em/ ‘hillside’; /kím̓olikam/ ‘guardian spirit mountain’; /meqsem/ ‘mountain’; /qemúynem/ ‘Wallowa Creek’; /simínekem/ ‘fork of river’; /tamalam/ ‘rocky bar’; /tkem/ ‘waterfall’; /toyam/ ‘hill top’; /tq̓isam/ ‘shore, bank’; /tx̣peˀem/ ‘prairie’; /tx̣sem/ ‘ridge’.]

amá

Island. See ɨmá.

-amáan

Pertaining to. čnamáan ‘pertaining to here, local’; kʷnamáan ‘pertaining to there’. Form of -pamá for determiners (see Beavert & Hargus 2009:31, 76). [NW -amánk; NP /-eme/.]

-aman

Accusative plural case. Suffixes to plural -ma, dual -in, and agentive -łá: kúušnašta áwɨnx̣a inmímaaman miyánašmaaman ‘thusly I tell my children’; k̓ʷáyš kʷɨ́ł áykɨnx̣ana inmímaaman nč̓ínč̓imaaman sɨ́nwityaw ‘that much I used to hear my elders speak’; kátkaatinaman inaknúwiša ‘she is taking care of two boys’; inákwinax̣ana tkʷaynpłáaman ‘he would take the hunters along’; ku pášapawinana Imatalamłáaman Háwtmikan ‘and he sent the Umatillas toward McKay Creek’.

ámčan

Toward the outside, outward. ámčan iwínaša ‘he is going outside’. [NP /ˀémtkek/.]

ámani

Definition:

Marry (of a woman).

Examples:

  1. ámaniya ‘she got married’;
  2. kutaš wíˀamanix̣ana ‘and we each would get married’;
  3. ámaniša Fredmíyaw ‘she is getting married to Fred’.

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[NP /hámani/; from *háma ‘man, husband’ plus *haní ‘make’.]

ámaniyawa

Marry (of a woman). ámaniyawaša kʷaaná wínš ‘she is marrying that man’; ínanaš ámaniyawata ‘she will marry me’. [NP /hamaniyúu/.]

amčaˀámča

Wampum. [NP /ˀamcaˀamca/.]

-amí

Genitive plural case. Suffixes after -ma, -in, -łá and certain kinship terms: k̓úsi áwa miyanašmaamí ‘the children have a horse’; k̓ʷáy áwa katkaatinamí ‘that belongs to the two boys’; Imatalamłaamí ‘of the Umatilla’; iłamí ‘your mother’s’.