Rock used in tanning hides, a stick with a rock on the end that is used to beat the hide on a frame in order to soften it.
218 terms start with “i”
ímiiki
Tanned. ímiiki apɨ́x̣ ‘buckskin’; ímiiki táatpas ‘buckskin dress’; pláš ímiiki ~ pláš ímiiki apɨ́x̣ ‘white buckskin’. [NE šapaˀišq̓ʷkí; Y ímuyki; NP /tw̓alpiˀins/; /nktpiˀins/; /ˀispihín/.]
imiiktpamá
Tanning frame.
imíin
Definition:
Yours, your, of you.
Function:
Genitive singular.
Examples:
- kumaš čáw wá imíin ‘and it is not yours’;
- amaš šín wačá imíin tíla ‘whoever was your grandfather’;
- amaš kúušx̣i wáta imíin tún kumaš wáta átaw ‘in the same way that you have something and it is valuable to you’;
- wát̓inam wášata kumaš wáta imíin ‘you will ride ahead and he’ll be yours’;
- áq̓inušanaaš imíina ɨsx̣ɨ́pna ‘I saw your younger brother’;
- iq̓inušanaaš imíinɨm áycnɨm ‘your younger sister saw me’;
- imíin tamánwit ‘your law’;
- imíin x̣túwit ‘your power’;
- kunamta kʷná wiyánax̣tita imikíin qqaanáytki ‘and there along the way you will cry about your work’;
- kutyaš aw kú átx̣unx̣a imikíin ‘but then I worry about you’;
- imiláyk̓aymaš wá ‘it’s for you’;
- átamaynačtanam tkʷátatna imiyawáy wáwnakʷšašyaw áwtnina ‘you will put the tabooed food into your body’;
- imikníin iwáynana x̣ʷayamá ‘the eagle flew away from you’;
- pawačá imipáyn ‘they were at your place’;
- imipáyn wiyanínpa ‘in your travels’;
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imíinč̓a ‘you two also’;
imiksá ‘you two alone’;
imíisɨm ‘only you two’;
imíinx̣i ‘yours similarly’;
imíinx̣uš ‘you two first’.
[NW imínk; NP /ˀim´m/; /ˀé/.]
imiinamanáy
You two. Accusative dual. imiinamanáymataš níta ‘I will give it to you two’; imiinamanáyč̓a ‘you two also’; imiilamalaksá ‘you two alone’; imiinamanáysɨm ‘only you two’; imiinamanáyx̣i ‘you similarly’; imiinamanáyx̣uš ‘you two first’. [NE imiinamaná(k); NW imiininák.]
imiinamí
Yours, your, of you two. Genitive dual. Also imiinamíin. imiinamímaš wá k̓úsi ‘the horse belongs to you two’; iwáynana imiinamikníin ‘it flew away from you two’; imiinamikaní iwáynana ‘it flew toward you two’; imiinamiyawáy iwáynana ‘it flew to you two’; imiinamipáyn iwá ‘it’s at you two’s place’; imiinamikíin isɨ́nwiya ‘he talked about you two’; imiinamíč̓a ‘yours too’; imiilamiksá ‘yours alone’; imiinamísɨm ‘yours only’; imiinamísɨm ‘yours similarly’; imiinamíx̣uš ‘yours first’. [WS iminamín; NW imiinanmí.]
imiiní
You two. Nominative dual. imiinípam wínaša ‘you two are going’; imiiní wínatk ‘you two go!’; imiiníč̓a ‘you two also’; imiiliksá ‘you two alone’; imiinísɨm ‘only you two’; imiiníx̣i ‘you two similarly’; imiiníx̣uš ‘you two first’. [NW imiiník.]
ímlak
Make bad, dirty, mess up, ruin. paˀímlaka kʷaaná ‘they ruined that’. [Y ímasak.]
íšɨmlaytk
Sein fish. íšɨmlaytkšaaš ‘I am seining fish’ (Hunn 1990:122).
ímɨn
Where to? to somewhere, to wherever, to anywhere. ímɨnam wínaša ‘where are you going?’; ƛ̓áax̣ʷna čná wiyáwinata ímɨn náx̣šyaw tiičámyaw ana kú ɨ́nta ‘all of us here will go to some other land when he will call us’.
imníin
Definition:
You indeed.
Example:
imníinam kúta ‘you should do it yourself’.
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=nam ‘you’ (singular);
=pam ‘you, yours, your’ (plural);
ím ‘you’ (nominative singular);
imanáy ‘you’ (accusative singular)
imalaksá ‘you alone’;
imanáysɨm ‘you only’;
imanáyx̣i ‘you similarly’;
imanáyx̣uš ‘you first’.
[NP ˀimníx.]
ímuyk
Wring out and stretch. paˀímuykša apɨ́x̣ ‘they’re wringing out and stretching out the hide’; áwimuykɨnk ‘wring out and stretch it!’. See also ímiik. [Cf. Y ímuyk ‘tan hide’.]
ín
Definition:
I.
Function:
Nominative singular.
Examples:
- wát̓is wiyáwat̓wita ín ‘I will take the lead’;
- ínmaš wiláalakʷa ‘I left you’;
- áwnaš ín pináwšuwaša ‘now I am getting myself ready’;
- kúušnaš áw ín wáta ‘thusly now I shall be’ (said when the myth characters answered to the law);
- aš kú ín ttáwax̣šana kuš čáw mún wínax̣ana wánptyaw ‘when I was growing up I never would go to the medicine singing’;
- k̓ʷáyšta kʷaaná kúuš átwanaša ín ‘in that way I am following that one’;
- k̓ʷáyš kʷɨ́ł ín šúkʷaša ‘that much I know’ (said at the end of speeches);
- ínaš waníša Twáway tanánki ‘I am named Twáway in Indian’;
- wačáaš ín amaš ín q̓ínušana ‘it was I who saw you’;
- k̓ʷáyš wɨ́npta ín ‘I will get that’; áwnaš ínč̓a wɨ́npta tanán waníčt ‘now I also will receive an Indian name’;
- čáwš ínč̓a šúkaša ‘I don’t know either’;
- watx̣ɨ́naš ínč̓a wínata ‘may I go too?’;
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=naš ‘I, me, mine, my’ (second position pronoun);
ína / ináy ‘I’ (accusative singular);
ilksá ‘I alone’;
ínsɨm ‘I only’;
ínx̣i ‘I similarly’;
ínx̣uš ‘I first’.
[WS íni; NW ínk; NP /ˀín/; Klamath ni.]
ín-
My. With kinship terms when the possessor is older than the kinsman. See ínm-. ínx̣ay iwá ‘he’s my [a man’s] friend’; ínpuša ‘my [a man’s] son’s child’; ínpayc ‘my [a woman’s] younger brother’; ínkała ‘my [a woman’s] daughter’s child’. [NP /ˀin(´m)-/.]
-in
Definition:
Together with someone or something.
Function:
Associative case. Attach to nouns.
Examples:
- Requires plural subject or object verb agreement.
- pišíšin pawínašana ‘he was going with his aunt’;
- tútin wínatk ‘go with your father!’;
- wínšintaš wačá watím ‘the man was with me yesterday’;
- kʷnátaš ášx̣ana tiyawtášpa nax̣áx̣asayin ‘I used to go in that drying shed with my maternal aunt’;
- patáwyašana Wawatáwya Spilyáyin ‘Antelope was living with Coyote’;
- wiyánawiyaataš kʷiiní wínšin ‘I arrived with that man’;
- miyánašin pawá ‘she’s with her child’;
- ku aw kú patáwyašana káłayin ‘and then he was living with his grandmother’;
- kʷná patáwyanaykɨnx̣ana k̓ʷáy káłyin ‘that one used to live there with his grandmother’;
- pyápin payámx̣atwanaša pčápa ‘he with his older brother are crying after their mother’.
- With accusative:
- álaakɨnšnaš Johnna Janeinaman ‘I have forgotten John along with Jane’.
- Marks the ergative in the pragmatic inverse:
- ku kʷná čúušin pátwanana ƛ̓áax̣ʷmaaman ‘and there the water follows them all’;
- ku kúuk súlcasin pášapawinama čaaní ‘and then the army sent them here’;
- ku kʷaaná pátwanimta náx̣šin ɨsípin ‘and another younger sister will come following her’;
- ku káayk pákʷayix̣a kʷiiní plášin plɨ́splɨsin ‘and that snowberry cleans his (sore)’;
- kʷáal x̣ašta pánakwinana čúušin ‘maybe the water brought him that far’;
- ana tún iwá tkʷátat ana k̓ʷapɨ́n pániča čná tiičámpa naamíin aniłáyin ‘anything that is the food which our Creator put on this land’.
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[NP /-iins/ (a grammatical extension of the possessive function of the past participle).]
-in
Dual number. miyánašin pawá ‘there are two children’; kutaš aw kú kúuš kúx̣ana inmíin nápu pyápin ku ín ‘and then my two older brothers and I would do thusly’; kutaš čí čná áłq̓itɨmšana nápuwinaman ‘and we here were teasing the two people’; katkaatinamí áwa ‘it’s the two boy’s’. [Probably an extension of the associative case -in.]
íčɨn
To this, to here. kʷɨ́nkitašta kú wiyánawiša íčɨn ‘for that reason then we are surely arriving here’; ana kú íčɨn ku pánakwinana ɨsxɨ́pin ‘when then his younger brother brought him here’.
-ínš
Nominalizer. With sense of ‘having’. tanínš ‘arrowhead’; tiičáminš ‘land owning’; tux̣nínš ‘coming right back, over and back the same day’; wɨx̣ínš ‘abalone’; yawastakíns ‘spiked water-milfoil’; yawatakíls ‘tadpole’; yukaasíns ‘horned buck’; ptɨ́x̣ninš (NW) & ptx̣nínš (WS) ‘six’. [NP /-iins/; cf. NP past participle /-iˀins/.]
íšn
Win, defeat, beat. paˀíšnaataš ‘they beat us’; áwišnaaš páx̣at Casinopa ‘I won five dollars from them at the casino’; kʷaynítaš áwišɨnx̣ana paanáy k̓úsi ‘in that manner we would win his horse’; áwišnaaš útpas ‘I won the blanket from them’; áwišnaaš ašwaníyaan winšmíkni ‘I won the slave from the man’; patq̓íx̣šanaaš áwištaaš ‘they wanted me to win’; caxcaxmíitpa íšna ‘he won at a card game’; páˀišna wínšna pályawatpa ‘he beat the man at the hand game’. [NP /hísn/.]
ína
Definition:
Me.
Examples:
- áwnaš ičáx̣ɨlpayišamš ína pčɨ́š ‘he is opening the door for me now’;
- paníyaaš x̣ax̣áykʷ ína ‘they gave me the money’;
- kunam čáw pášukʷayiša ína sɨ́nwit ‘and you do not know my words’.
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ináy (Bruce Rigsby: “Vera [Jones] had only the ináy form; ína was Walla Walla.”)
=naš ‘I, me, mine, my.’ (pronominal suffix)
=na ‘I, me, mine, my.’ (pronominal suffix)
=š ‘I, me, mine, my.’ (pronominal suffix)
[NW inák; NP /ˀíne/.]